Certified Flight Instructor / Instrument Instructor

So you’ve worked hard to get that Commercial Pilot’s certificate, now what? Though you are now considered a professional pilot and can earn money for your piloting services, unfortunately the airlines won’t be calling you just yet. You must begin the time-honored tradition of building hours, and there’s no better way than as a Flight Instructor!

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Becoming a Flight Instructor is the traditional next step in a professional pilot’s career. As an Instructor, you are by regulation allowed to log all instruction time you give as Pilot in Command (PIC) time. Also, up until this point, you’ve paid for every minute you’ve logged. Now are you not only not paying for that PIC time, you are getting paid, logging free time. It’s a quantum shift in a pilot’s career. But even more importantly, instructing reinforces the basics for the budding professional pilot, the fundamentals that serve as the basis for all the addtional training and knowledge the professional pilot will further attain throughout their career.

A person wholearn to fly holds a Flight Instructor certificate (called a “Certificated Flight Instructor” or CFI) is authorized to give the training and endorsements required for and relating to:                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            A Student, Private, Commercial or other pilot certificate                                                                                                                                                                              The three hours of training with reference only to instruments in preparation for a  private pilot certificate                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    An instrument rating, only if the CFI has an Instrument Instructor rating                                                                                                                                            Preparation for a practical test (typically three hours within the preceding 60 days    in preparation for a  certificate or rating)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   Endorsements for a Knowledge test (Written examination) and Practical test (Checkride)                                                                                                                                                                                                           Various Student Solo and Cross-country solo endorsements                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           An Instrument Proficiency Check (IPC), if the Instructor is a CFII                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       Training for a High Performance, Complex, or Tailwheel Aircraft endorsement                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 Spin Training                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             Recurrent training                                                                                                                                             image_8936                                                                                                                                                                                                             As you can see, a Flight Instructor rating gives a lot of authority to a pilot, but with that authority comes a great responsibility. You are charged with training the next generation of pilots. You are the mentor, molding your students into pilots, taking them from zero time, through their first solo, their Private certificates, and perhaps all the way to their Instructor rating. There is a great sense of accomplishment in helping make that happen.

Instructor Rating Requirements

The following requirements must be met to qualify for a Flight Instructor rating:                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Hold a Commerical Pilot or Airline Transport Pilot certificate                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Be Instrument rated                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             Be able to read, write and speak fluently in English                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             Be at least 18 years of age                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 Hold at least a Class III medical certificate                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         Obtain a logbook endorsement for spin training                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 Pass a written knowledge test on the Fundamentals of Instruction                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Pass a written knowledge test on Aeronautical Knowledge appropriate to the rating being sought                                                                                                                                                                                                   Receive and log ground training                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         Complete a practical (oral and flight) test given by an FAA inspector in a complex aircraft

To see the complete Federal Aviation Regulation on Certified Flight Instructor certification, click here

 To see the complete Practical Test Standards for Certified Flight Instructors, click here

 To see the complete Practical Test Standards for Certified Flight Instructor – Instrument, click here

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Subpart H—Flight Instructors Other than Flight Instructors With a Sport Pilot Rating

Ҥ61.181 Applicability.

This subpart prescribes the requirements for the issuance of flight instructor certificates and ratings (except for flight instructor certificates with a sport pilot rating), the conditions under which those certificates and ratings are necessary, and the limitations on those certificates and ratings.

[Doc. No. FAA-2001-11133, 69 FR 44869, July 27, 2004]

 §61.183 Eligibility requirements.

To be eligible for a flight instructor certificate or rating a person must:

(a) Be at least 18 years of age;

(b) Be able to read, speak, write, and understand the English language. If the applicant is unable to meet one of these requirements due to medical reasons, then the Administrator may place such operating limitations on that applicant’s flight instructor certificate as are necessary;

(c) Hold either a commercial pilot certificate or airline transport pilot certificate with:

(1) An aircraft category and class rating that is appropriate to the flight instructor rating sought; and

(2) An instrument rating, or privileges on that person’s pilot certificate that are appropriate to the flight instructor rating sought, if applying for—

(i) A flight instructor certificate with an airplane category and single-engine class rating;

(ii) A flight instructor certificate with an airplane category and multiengine class rating;

(iii) A flight instructor certificate with a powered-lift rating; or

(iv) A flight instructor certificate with an instrument rating.

(d) Receive a logbook endorsement from an authorized instructor on the fundamentals of instructing listed in §61.185 of this part appropriate to the required knowledge test;

(e) Pass a knowledge test on the areas listed in §61.185(a)(1) of this part, unless the applicant:

(1) Holds a flight instructor certificate or ground instructor certificate issued under this part;

(2) Holds a teacher’s certificate issued by a State, county, city, or municipality that authorizes the person to teach at an educational level of the 7th grade or higher; or

(3) Is employed as a teacher at an accredited college or university.

(f) Pass a knowledge test on the aeronautical knowledge areas listed in §61.185(a)(2) and (a)(3) of this part that are appropriate to the flight instructor rating sought;

(g) Receive a logbook endorsement from an authorized instructor on the areas of operation listed in §61.187(b) of this part, appropriate to the flight instructor rating sought;

(h) Pass the required practical test that is appropriate to the flight instructor rating sought in an:

(1) Aircraft that is representative of the category and class of aircraft for the aircraft rating sought; or

(2) Flight simulator or approved flight training device that is representative of the category and class of aircraft for the rating sought, and used in accordance with a course at a training center certificated under part 142 of this chapter.

(i) Accomplish the following for a flight instructor certificate with an airplane or a glider rating:

(1) Receive a logbook endorsement from an authorized instructor indicating that the applicant is competent and possesses instructional proficiency in stall awareness, spin entry, spins, and spin recovery procedures after providing the applicant with flight training in those training areas in an airplane or glider, as appropriate, that is certificated for spins; and

(2) Demonstrate instructional proficiency in stall awareness, spin entry, spins, and spin recovery procedures. However, upon presentation of the endorsement specified in paragraph (i)(1) of this section an examiner may accept that endorsement as satisfactory evidence of instructional proficiency in stall awareness, spin entry, spins, and spin recovery procedures for the practical test, provided that the practical test is not a retest as a result of the applicant failing the previous test for deficiencies in the knowledge or skill of stall awareness, spin entry, spins, or spin recovery instructional procedures. If the retest is a result of deficiencies in the ability of an applicant to demonstrate knowledge or skill of stall awareness, spin entry, spins, or spin recovery instructional procedures, the examiner must test the person on stall awareness, spin entry, spins, and spin recovery instructional procedures in an airplane or glider, as appropriate, that is certificated for spins;

(j) Log at least 15 hours as pilot in command in the category and class of aircraft that is appropriate to the flight instructor rating sought; and

(k) Comply with the appropriate sections of this part that apply to the flight instructor rating sought.

[Doc. No. 25910, 62 FR 16298, Apr. 4, 1997; Amdt. 61-103, 62 FR 40907, July 30, 1997; Amdt. 61-124, 74 FR 42561, Aug. 21, 2009]

 §61.185 Aeronautical knowledge.

(a) A person who is applying for a flight instructor certificate must receive and log ground training from an authorized instructor on:

(1) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, the fundamentals of instructing, including:

(i) The learning process;

(ii) Elements of effective teaching;

(iii) Student evaluation and testing;

(iv) Course development;

(v) Lesson planning; and

(vi) Classroom training techniques.

(2) The aeronautical knowledge areas for a recreational, private, and commercial pilot certificate applicable to the aircraft category for which flight instructor privileges are sought; and

(3) The aeronautical knowledge areas for the instrument rating applicable to the category for which instrument flight instructor privileges are sought.

(b) The following applicants do not need to comply with paragraph (a)(1) of this section:

(1) The holder of a flight instructor certificate or ground instructor certificate issued under this part;

(2) The holder of a current teacher’s certificate issued by a State, county, city, or municipality that authorizes the person to teach at an educational level of the 7th grade or higher; or

(3) A person employed as a teacher at an accredited college or university.

[Doc. No. 25910, 62 FR 16298, Apr. 4, 1997; Amdt. 61-103, 62 FR 40907, July 30, 1997]

 §61.187 Flight proficiency.

(a) General. A person who is applying for a flight instructor certificate must receive and log flight and ground training from an authorized instructor on the areas of operation listed in this section that apply to the flight instructor rating sought. The applicant’s logbook must contain an endorsement from an authorized instructor certifying that the person is proficient to pass a practical test on those areas of operation.

(b) Areas of operation. (1) For an airplane category rating with a single-engine class rating:

(i) Fundamentals of instructing;

(ii) Technical subject areas;

(iii) Preflight preparation;

(iv) Preflight lesson on a maneuver to be performed in flight;

(v) Preflight procedures;

(vi) Airport and seaplane base operations;

(vii) Takeoffs, landings, and go-arounds;

(viii) Fundamentals of flight;

(ix) Performance maneuvers;

(x) Ground reference maneuvers;

(xi) Slow flight, stalls, and spins;

(xii) Basic instrument maneuvers;

(xiii) Emergency operations; and

(xiv) Postflight procedures.